Ailments, Symptoms, and Injuries

AILMENTS, SYMPTOMS, and INJURIES - Penyakit ringan, Gejala penyakit, dan Luka-luka

• headache = sakit kepala
• earache = sakit telinga
• toothache = sakit gigi
• stomachache = sakit perut
• backache = sakit punggung
• sore throat = sakit tenggorokan
• fever = demam
• cold = pilek
• cough = batuk
• virus = virus
• infection = infeksi
• rash = ruam
• insect bite = gigitan serangga
• sunburn = terbakar matahari
• stiff neck = leher kaku
• runny nose = ingusan
• bloody nose = mimisan
• cavity = gigi berlubang
• wart = kutil
• hiccups = cegukan
• chills = meriang
• cramp = kram
• diarrhea = diare
• chest pain = sakit di bagian dada
• shortness of breath = napas pendek
• laryngitis = radang tenggorokan

So, how do we tell people we are sick with something? Don't say "I am flu" or "I am headache". "Flu" and "headache" are nouns. Use the verb have with diseases or symptoms to tell people you suffer from sickness.

Examples:

• I have a headache.
• She had a nosebleed, but she's fine now.
• He's having a fever. (Also: He's running a fever.)

ADJECTIVE IN ORDER

We sometimes use more than one adjective before the noun:

Examples:

• I like big black dogs.

• She was wearing a beautiful long red dress.

What is the correct order for two or more adjectives?

1. The general order is: Opinion, Fact.

“Opinion” is what you think about something. “Fact” is what is definitely true about something.

• A nice French car. (not a French nice car)

[You have an opinion that the car is nice; and the fact that it was made in France.]

2. The normal order for fact adjectives is size, age, shape, color, material, origin. Other references place ‘age’ after ‘shape’ (just like in the picture). Both references are correct. I prefer OPSHACOM (Opinion, Shape, Age, Color, Origin, Material) because this pattern is easy to remember.

• A big, old, square, black, wooden Chinese table.

Watch this video. Professor Grammar will explain more about OPSHACOM.

3. Determiners usually come first, even though they are fact adjectives.

• articles (a, the)

• possessives (my, your…)

• demonstratives (this, that…)

• quantifiers (some, any, few, many…)

• numbers (one, two, three…)

Now try this: Arrange these adjectives into a good order.

a – chest – it’s – beautiful – ivory – antique.