The word CLOSED can be a verb, an adjective, and also an adverb. Consider the following sentences:
1. The door is closed.
“is closed” indicates a state of being (closed is functioned as an adjective) — The door is not open; the door is shut.
2. The door is close.
“is close” indicates location — The door is nearby; the door is not far from here.
3. She has closed the door.
“has closed” indicates the use of present perfect tense in the sentence; “closed” is the past perfect of the verb close.
4. The door was closed by her.
“was closed” indicates the passive voice.
Active : She closed the door.
Passive: The door was closed by her.
5. They hid behind closed door.
“closed door” is a noun phrase; “closed” is served as an adjective modifying the noun “door”.
The word OPEN can be a verb and also an adjective. Take a look at the following sentences:
1. The door is open.
“is open” indicates an open state; the door is not closed (open is functioned as an adjective).
2. The door is opened automatically.
“is opened automatically” indicates the process of opening the door; it is a passive voice. (Opened is the past participle of the verb open)
Phrasal verbs with OFF, UP, and DOWN
Phrasal verbs with OFF, UP, and DOWN
The combination of verb with a preposition is called a phrasal verb. A phrasal verb can be formed by a combination of a verb and a preposition, a verb and an adverb, or a verb with both an adverb and a preposition. We call the preposition and adverb following the verb as particles.
The particles "up", "off" and "down" with some verbs have certain meaning in phrasal verbs.
For example, cut up, burn up, chop up, tear up, eat up, clean up, etc., the particle "up" suggests an action which is complete. Thus, to burn up is to burn something completely. To cut up is to cut something completely into small pieces.
For example, cut up, burn up, chop up, tear up, eat up, clean up, etc., the particle "up" suggests an action which is complete. Thus, to burn up is to burn something completely. To cut up is to cut something completely into small pieces.
The particle "down" in cut down, burn down, means to bring something to ground level. So, to cut the tree down is to cut the tree to the ground. When you say the house was burned down, it means the house was burned to the ground; the house was no longer standing.
The particle "off" in cut off, bite off, tear off, break off, chew off, means to remove a piece or a section of something by cutting, tearing, breaking, etc.
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